Between October 2015 and the first half of March 2016, the seismic network detected 69 events accompanying eruptive events though few of them and any resulting deposits were visually confirmed. On 17 February one outburst sent a steam plume to a height of 2 km above the crater. Its main cone is covered with thick vegetation but three craters to the W are not vegetated. Central America. The same day at 1646, a M 3.0 earthquake occurred 4 km NNE of the main crater at 9 km depth. Several small explosions. Explosions at 0716 and 1050. At 1127 on 15 May an event was characterized by local residents as a gas-and-steam plume rising 1 km above the crater rim and a gray, sediment-laden plume rising 400 m. Events at 0604, 0644, 0819, and 0825 on 17 May produced steam plumes that rose 500 m above the rim. Some eruptions that failed to eject lake water and sediments outside the crater were not considered by OVSICORI-UNA as having an explosive character, so eruptive activity terminology is variable. A possible emission was recorded at 0219. Along with the three other major volcanoes-Santa Maria, Orosi and Miravalles-the active volcano of Rincon de la Vieja is less than an hour from Liberia, capital of Guanacaste. Scientists conducting fieldwork during 27-29 September observed that the hot lake was convecting and grayish in color due to the suspended sediments. Tremor levels decreased significantly on 12 May. Explosions were weak and phreatic. Escaping gases stung the skin. Card 0999 (27 August 1970) Rodrigo Senz R., Seccion Sismologica y Vulcanologia de Industria y Comercio, San Jos, Costa Rica.T. ICE researchers reported "sporadic and intermittent bubbling events (up to several meters in height and diameter) rising up from the center and SE portions of the warm lake, producing strong waves and noise, and giving a muddy-gray color to the lake." Courtesy of OVSICORI-UNA. "On 19 April there was a strong and constant emission of gas that affected breathing because of its acidity, and made it difficult to observe the lake in the active crater.". The event was preceded by a swarm of long-period earthquakes five hours prior to the eruption; sediments were possibly ejected from the crater lake and deposited on the crater floor. OVSICORI-UNA reported periodic small phreatic events at Rincn de la Vieja during 28 June-4 July. Its name means "The Old Woman's Corner", or "Old Womans Nook" a reference to a local legend about princess Curabanda whose lover Mixcoac, chief of a neighboring enemy tribe, who was thrown into the crater by her father Curabande, when he learned about their affair. The character of the deposits changed between February and March 2016, according to a report by OVSICORI scientists. Table 5. Dead fish were noted the next day in the town of Buenos Aires de Upala (7.5 km N) and Birmania de Upala (18 km NNE). Inspecting the 16 February deposit near the summit on 1 March, scientists inferred from the scorching, burning, and other damage to vegetation on the NE flanks that there must have been several smaller eruptions around that time as well. A small ash eruption at 0537 on 21 May produced a plume that rose 1 km above the crater rim and contained less water vapor than plumes from eruptive events in the past weeks. A short-lived explosive event at 0258 on 14 May ejected material onto the N flank and caused lahars to descend the Penjamo, Azul, and Azufrado rivers. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. | April Heavy rains washed these materials down river drainages. A plume from the crater was visible on a still day on 20 March from Buenos Aires de Upala (7.5 km N). Phreatic explosions were recorded at 1624 on 6 May and 0343 on 8 May, though inclement weather conditions hindered visual confirmation. According to OVSICORI-UNA, a small hydrothermal eruption was recorded on 1 August 2019. At 1524 on 28 May an event generated a plume that rose 3 km above the rim and drifted W. Phreatic eruptions at 1745 on 1 June, and at 1446 and 1701 on 2 June produced plumes that rose 1-2 km. This national park lies within a mountain range separating the Pacific side and the Caribbean, which each have their own unique weather. OVSICORI-UNA reported periodic hydrothermal explosions at Rincn de la Vieja during 8-14 April. Adjacent to the crater, visitors smelled sulfur gases and their throats, eyes, and skin became irritated. The signal possibly represented an emission, though it was not confirmed. "In November the odor of H2S was present from the summit crater, but there was no visible gas plume and no eruptive activity. | April Possible explosion(s), though not visually confirmed. Rincn de la Vieja is an active andesitic complex volcano in north-western Costa Rica, about 23km (14mi) from Liberia, in the province of Guanacaste. Weather conditions often prevented views of plumes. That same day OVSICORI-UNA noted that during the previous week sulfur dioxide emissions were 221 tons per day on average, though emissions spiked to close to 5,000 tons per day after several of the phreatic events. The national park encompasses the volcano and surrounding geothermal landscape. According to a Washington VAAC advisory, an ash plume rose 3 km altitude, drifting NW on 22 May. Costa Rica volcano profile. Small, steam-rich fumaroles adjacent to concentric fractures surrounded the crater, typically near the 1,640 m contour. Information Contacts: Richard Berg, American Embassy, San Jos, Costa Rica, Card 0763 (24 September 1969) Ashfalls on 20 September, The following cable was received on 23 September. WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. Tickets & Tours - Rincon de la Vieja National Park, Guanacaste and Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the, EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. Reports from residents of Dos Ros de Upala (8 km NW) and from guards at Parque Nacional Rincn de la Vieja described an accompanying explosion and a 1-km-high light-colored plume with ash that traveled NW. Occasional gas-and-steam plumes were also observed rising 50-2,000 m above the crater rim. OVSICORI-UNA reported that a small explosion at Rincn de la Vieja was recorded at 1828 on 28 July, and was followed by tremor. This report covers activity during July-December 2022 and is based on weekly bulletins and occasional daily reports from the Observatorio Vulcanologico Sismologica de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA). Small phreatic events were also recorded at 1433 on 15 December, at 0314 and 2042 on 16 December, at 1958 on 17 December, and 0119 on 20 December, though cloudy weather conditions prevented visual confirmation. A larger event, at 1053 on 22 September, ejected material out of the crater and into the drainages on the N flank. de Costa Rica. Max VEI: 1, 2017 May 23 - 2018 Mar 15 3 days Since that time the volcano has presented persistent subaerial and subaqueous fumarolic activity around the crater lake, but otherwise has been quiet. Information Contacts: E. Fernndez and J. Barquero, OVSICORI. Boudon, G., Rancon J.-P., Kieffer, G., Soto, G.J., Traineau, H., and Rossignol, J.-C., 1995, Estilio eruptivo actual del Volcan Rincn de la Vieja: evidencias de las productos de las erupciones de 1966-70 y 1991-92: Rothschildia, 2 (2): 10-13, Area de conservacion de Guanacaste, Costa Rica. On 26 March, 10 small-amplitude high-frequency events registered, their S - P (S minus P) times were. Lahars descended multiple drainages on the N flank. Before the 31 May explosion, tremor was banded (series of "tremor packets" occurring at almost regular intervals) with frequencies below 2 Hz. Learn more Rincon de la Vieja National Park, Guanacaste, Costa Rica Overview Very small-scale maps (such as world maps) are not included. Several phreatic events occurred during 27-28 April and generated gas-and-steam emissions that generally rose no higher than 200 m above the crater rim. There is no Deformation History data available for Rincn de la Vieja. A local guide reported seeing a column of dark material erupt 5 m high above the lake. ", Card 0531 (06 May 1969) Fumarole erupting dense gas, "Observation top crater Rincn de la Vieja obscured by heavy cloud cover, but observer reports a fumarole located at Quebrada Grande (same volcano) was erupting very strong and dense sulfuric gases. Barquero-H J, Saenz-R R, 1987. This pattern is unusual in that the fallen trees appeared to radiate from a point near their center, not from the crater. Gas-and-steam emissions from a phreatic event were seen at 0632 on 13 April; an event was recorded at 1826 with no visual observations reported. 2012: February The lake had a gray color and contained suspended particles of sulfur. The remote Rincn de la Vieja volcanic complex continues to display unsettled seismic and fumarolic activity. However, as the area is protected within a national park, drilling was limited to test wells until 2001. Seismicity remained low until September when several tremor episodes and low-frequency earthquakes occurred. Of the 69 events, seismic signals indicated that 28 of them occurred as a series of explosions during 17-18 October 2015, culminating with a major eruption at 0059 on 18 October. You can find Rincon de la Vieja on Google Maps and Waze as "Parque Nacional Rincon de la Vieja" and make sure to select the La Pailas sector. Scientists from OVSICORI-UNA conducted additional site visits during 8 and 10-11 March 2016. On 12 April at 0643, a plume rose 500 m. Another event took place at 0700 on 13 April, although poor weather conditions prevented visual observations. Information Contacts: Erick Fernndez, Elicer Duarte, Vilma Barboza, Rodolfo Van der Laat, and Enrique Hernandez, Observatorio Vulcanolgico y Sismolgico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA), Apartado 86-3000, Heredia, Costa Rica; Gerardo J. Soto, Oficina de Sismologa y Vulcanologa, Departamento de Geologa, Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE), Apartado 10032-1000, San Jos, Costa Rica. The uppermost volcanic sequence (<27,000 ybp) at Rincon is dominated by tephra deposits, especially in the summit region. Starting at $960 per person. Fumarolic activity continued through June in the active crater, where it had fed a plume more than 100 m high during May fieldwork. Explosion at 0447. Ash blew WSW; medium- to fine-grained ash reached up to 30 km from the volcano (Santa Rosa National Park). Heavy rains washed these materials down river drainages. OVSICORI-UNA reported that continuous emissions at Rincn de la Vieja were visible during 3-4 April rising 200 m above the crater rim. Although the seismic station (RIN3, located 5 km SW of the active crater) remained out of service during May, earthquake counts numbered five events in December 1996 and 24 in January 1997. Los Volcanes de Costa Rica. Information Contacts: E. Fernandez, J. Barquero, V. Barboza, R. Van der Laat, T. Marino, F. de Obaldia, and L. Carvajal, OVSICORI; G. Soto, W. Taylor, F. Arias, G. Alvarado, and R. Barquero, ICE; Mauricio Mora, Univ. At least two other noteworthy fumaroles, expelling steam and sulfurous gases, sit on the N flank (along the valley called Quebrada Azumicrorada at around 1,200- and 1,300-m elevation). A strong eruptive event at 1550 on 21 April generated a dense plume of material that rose 500 m above the crater rim and then collapsed, producing a pyroclastic flow and lahars on the N flank. The July earthquake activity was consistent with June; 6 low frequency quakes were recorded. Costa Rica Volcanoes Map - Arenal, Poas, Irazu and Rincon de la Vieja Erupciones <3800 a.P. OVSICORI-UNA reported that during April fumarolic venting continued from the W wall, creating noise audible from the crater's rim. | June The last event had a focal depth of 23 km and an epicenter 4.5 km NE of the active crater. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided. The crater lake was gray, with yellow areas over bubbling points. The plume dispersed sediments to the W and NW, near the Von Seebach crater (about 3 km SW of the active crater). | October During the first half of 2017, phreatic explosions at Rincn de la Vieja occurred on 23 May, 11-12 June (however, clouds obscured visible observations), 18 and 23 June, and 5 July (BGVN 42:08). Foggy conditions prevented webcam views and an estimate of a plume height. Rincn de la Vieja, a remote volcanic complex in NW Costa Rica with an acid lake, exhibits numerous weak phreatic (hydrothermal) explosions along with associated gas-and steam emissions and an occasional plume (BGVN 46:11). Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 6: 1-146. A Plinian eruption producing the 0.25 km3 Ro Blanca tephra about 3,500 years ago was the last major magmatic eruption. OVSICORI-UNA reported that phreatic activity at Rincn de la Vieja had significantly decreased compared to activity during January-May. "On 1 April, an eruption of Rincn de la Vieja was heard and seen by residents of the town of Buenos Aires de Upala, 7 km NE of the crater. OVSICORI-UNA reported that two small-scale explosions occurred on 1 February, along with possible events at 1906 and 1950 on 5 February and at 0120 on 6 February. The volcano was in Activity Level 3 throughout the reporting period (volcano erupting, steady state). Similar frequent phreatic activity continued in May, with ash plumes rising 200-1,500 m above the crater, drifting W, NW, and SW, and gas-and-steam plumes rising up to 2 km. Eruptive events at 2328 on 10 May and 0700 on 11 May were recorded by the seismic network through darkness and cloudy weather conditions prevented visual confirmation. Some of the plants damaged during November 1995 showed new signs of recovery. Some of the events were not visually confirmed by webcams because of weather conditions or darkness. Residents on the N flank heard the event on 19 September and saw the explosion at 0634 on 20 September. Based on photographs taken by nearby residents, OVSICORI-UNA scientists estimated that the ash and steam plumes produced by the 9 and 10 March explosions rose 700 and 850 m, respectively, above the crater. The water was a milky gray color and was convecting, partly due to of subaqueous fumaroles. The Rincn de la Vieja Volcano is set within the Rincn de la Vieja National Park, which spans over 12,759 ha (31,530 acres) and helps protect both montane forests and dwarf cloud forests. "Various rivers have headwaters on the N flank and flow NE (among them the Ro Azul, Quebrada Azufrada, and Ro Pnjamo) and lahars formed in some of them. Nacional, Heredia. OVSICORI-UNA reported that small eruptive events at Rincn de la Vieja were recorded at 1915, 2049, and 2053 on 26 August, though weather conditions prevented visual confirmation of emissions. Table 4. Sporadic low-frequency harmonic tremor was detected for periods of up to 2.5 minutes. OVSICORI-UNA reported two phreatic explosions at Rincn de la Vieja during 30 April-5 May and continuing fluctuations in tremor levels. Small eruptions were seen on unspecified days the week of 12-18 March. Two low-energy phreatic explosions (105 Joules) were recorded by the infrasound monitoring system. Information Contacts: Rodolfo Van der Laat, Vilma Barboza, Erick Fernndez, Jorge Barquero, Franklin de Obaldia, Toms Marino, and Rodrigo Senz, Observatorio Vulcanolgico y Sismolgico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA), Apartado 86-3000, Heredia, Costa Rica. On 8 December at points 5 and 8 km from the summit, the Penjama and Blanco rivers, respectively, still ran milky and were slightly acidic in taste. Strong degassing occurred in the active crater. "After several attempts to climb to the summit of Rincn de la Vieja were turned back by bad weather, we reached the active crater on 19 April with W. Melson of the Smithsonian Institution. In April fumarole temperatures were measured at over 130C, and highly active convection cells with regular pulses of heat about every three minutes were observed in the lake. Bad weather obscured the view of the crater floor, but several explosions were heard, and the largest, at 0930, rained very wet ash on the scientists.
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